The Cathedral Church of the Descent of the Holy Spirit, also known as the Spiritual Temple, became the first stone church on the territory of the Holy Spirit Monastery. Its construction was financed by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.

The church was a single-story building with five domes and one altar.

In 1810 and 1811, a three-tiered bell tower was added to the western side of the church. In 1871 and 1872, the church and bell tower, which had fallen into disrepair, were restored.

During the Soviet era, the Holy Spirit Monastery was completely destroyed, and a Dynamo stadium now stands in its place.