The history of the Belogorsky Monastery begins in 1890 when Father Stefan Lukanin first visited Belaya Gora. Inspired by what he saw, he decided to establish a missionary monastery here. In 1891, the first cross was erected on the mountain, and soon the construction of churches and other buildings began. In 1894, the first wooden church was consecrated, and in 1895, the construction of the Iversky Church was completed. The monastery developed rapidly: new buildings were constructed, workshops were opened, and a school for orphans was established.

By 1917, the monastery had become a significant religious and cultural center. However, with the arrival of the Bolsheviks, persecution of the church began. In 1918, Archimandrite Varlaam and many monks were killed, and the monastery was looted. Attempts to revive the monastery were made until 1923, but unsuccessfully. During the Soviet years, the monastery was used for various purposes, including as a home for the disabled and a camp for the repressed.

In 1990, the monastery was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church, and its restoration began. In 1991, services resumed, and in 1993, the monastery was granted the status of an architectural monument. Restoration continues, attracting pilgrims and benefactors. In 1998, the Tsar's cross was reinstalled, and in 1999, a development plan for the monastery was approved. In the 2000s, work continued on restoring the infrastructure and churches.