The history of the church goes back centuries. It is known that a wooden church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker stood on the banks of the Protva River in the village of Rusinovo, belonging to the Borovsky Monastery, as early as 1613. According to the "Supplementary Book on the Inspection of the Borovsky District," this wooden church was ancient and dilapidated. It may have miraculously survived in 1610 when the Poles of False Dmitry, heading from Kaluga to Moscow, burned the village of Rusinovo. Perhaps the history of the church goes even deeper, to the 15th century, when, according to legend, the Tatar basqak Rusanov, the first owner of the village, met the arriving saint Paphnutius. Their relationship was initially strained, but soon warmed to the point that Rusanov gifted his village to the monastery of the venerable.

A stone three-altar church in the shape of a ship appeared on the banks of the Protva in the 19th century. The church, with an altar in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and two chapels, was built by the nobleman I.V. Zolotarev in 1830 (according to other sources, in 1836) on the site of the old wooden church, in honor of the victory of the Russian troops over Napoleon in 1812. The Nikolsky church survived the revolution and the civil war, but was closed in the 1930s. The last priest, Sergey Maccabeus, was arrested in 1932 and exiled to Kazakhstan. The last rector, priest Nikolai Tikhomirov, moved with his family to Moscow. In the autumn of 1941, the church was subjected to artillery shelling, resulting in the destruction of the bell tower's dome. The destruction that began with the war continued in peacetime.

By the end of the 20th century, the decapitated church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in the village of Rusinovo, used as a warehouse, presented a sad sight. The dome was missing, the walls were ruined, and mountains of debris lay inside and outside. In March 1998, the remains of the church were transferred to the Kaluga Diocese. Restoration began in 2005. From 2010 to 2012, concerned companies and individuals joined the restoration efforts, and the church began to come back to life.