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V. V. Luzhsky's Dacha 'Chaika', 1904, Architect V. A. Simov

Фото 1
At the beginning of the 20th century, a columnist wrote in the newspaper 'Voice of Moscow': 'Ah, this repeats itself year after year with inevitable consistency. As soon as the sun becomes warmer and starts to warm the earth, the most absurd of all questions arises, the dacha question...'

The dacha construction boom in Moscow began in the second half of the 19th century. The artist K. Korovin recalled: 'The surroundings of Moscow were beautiful. They gradually became populated with dachas, and these wooden structures looked poetic in the summer.'

The dacha fever also reached the village of Ivankovo, located on the banks of the Khimki River, near its confluence with the Moscow River, close to Pokrovsky-Streshnev. The writer and Moscow expert S. M. Lyubetsky mentioned the picturesque nature and convenience of Ivankovo in his book 'Moscow Suburbs...' from 1877, noting that many Muscovites reside here in the summer.

In 1884, Princess E. F. Shakhovskaya-Glebova-Streshneva organized a summer camp here for girls from low-income families. In the 1890s, on the northern outskirts of the village, the decorator V. A. Simov, a graduate of the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, built a dacha. He inspired his colleagues from the Moscow Art Theatre to take dacha vacations, helping them to set up summer homes. In 1904, he built a dacha for actor and director V. V. Luzhsky in Ivankovo, naming it 'Chaika'. The following year, Luzhsky hosted K. S. Stanislavsky here, who enthusiastically wrote to his wife about the dacha: 'Simov excelled. Everything is original and comfortable, albeit extravagant, but talented. The interior is like on a steamboat. Clean, all made of wood and removable cushions. Instead of curtains on the terrace, sails. The fountain sounds like bells. It’s excellent for working here.'

In 1914, the dacha was acquired by entrepreneur V. V. Krestovnikov, Luzhsky's uncle. In 1918, all dachas were nationalized. By order of V. I. Lenin, a sanatorium 'Chaika' was established based on the dacha settlement. Lenin visited here several times: in January 1920 with N. Krupskaya and relatives, and in November-December of the same year, he visited the children of I. Armand and his sister Anna. Later, the sanatorium became a rest house for the Moscow City Committee 'Chaika'. In 1991, 'Chaika' became part of the Moscow Mayor's Office management's rest home. Now the dacha 'Chaika' is protected by the state as a cultural heritage site of regional significance.

Geo point

Дача В. В. Лужского «Чайка», 1904 г., архитектор В. А. Симов

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