The Assumption Church in Varzuga is an example of tent churches, which architectural historians attribute to ancient Russian wooden architecture. This church represents a special type of wooden temples with a tent roof, where an octagonal structure with a tent is placed on a square base connected to a cross-shaped foundation. In such churches, the extensions are covered with barrels of various sizes arranged pyramidally. The altar in honor of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary existed in Varzuga as early as the 15th century and is mentioned in 1491 along with the Nikolskaya Church. In the second half of the 16th century, the Assumption Church became independent and was located at the burial site. An inventory from 1563 mentions that there was a church with a refectory at the burial site, but without singing. Over time, the church fell into disrepair, and at the end of the 17th century, it was decided to build a new building.

The exact date of construction of the current Assumption Church is known thanks to the church-building cross, which was previously located on the southern wall of the church. This cross contains a text about the consecration of the altar, dated August 4, 1674. The cross is now kept in the Afanasievsky Church. The church was consecrated in honor of the feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, celebrated on August 15 according to the Julian calendar. The name of the architect who built the church, Kliment, has been preserved in the local synodic, which was later transported to Arkhangelsk. The identity of the church's patron remains unknown. Some researchers believe that Moscow masters participated in the construction, however, Murmansk historian I.F. Ushakov rejects this version, citing the policy of eradicating the tent style at that time.

Varzuga has historically been connected with Solovki, and shortly before these events, the service was conducted by Gerasim Firsov, a known advocate of 'ancient piety.' The first mention of the Varzuga church dates back to 1491, when the Novgorod bishop freed the church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker from tribute and court. Historian Evgeny Khodakovsky believes that the history of wooden church architecture in the White Sea region begins with this church. In 1597, the ensemble in Varzuga was supplemented by the church of St. Athanasius of Alexandria, which indicated the restoration of the parish after the Oprichnina pogrom.

Over time, the Assumption Church fell into disrepair, and the people of Varzuga decided to build a new wooden temple. Its slender tent and galleries resemble the Church of the Ascension in Kolomenskoye. According to restorer Opolovnikov, the similarity is enhanced if one imagines the gallery of the Assumption Church in its original form. The architects succeeded in creating a solemn image of the church, using a cross-shaped plan that has been common in wooden architecture since the 15th century. Over the years, the church underwent several alterations that changed its appearance. In 1847-1848, it was re-roofed and clad, and in 1860, the iconostasis was updated. The last significant renovation was carried out from 1888 to 1895, as evidenced by an inscription on a wooden shield.

After the arrival of Soviet power on the Kola Peninsula, an anti-religious policy was pursued, and many churches were closed or repurposed. The Assumption Church in Varzuga remained untouched. In 1947, it was surveyed by architect A.V. Opolovnikov, and in 1968, it was decided to leave the church in place and ensure its preservation. By the 300th anniversary of the church, its upper part was restored.

Church life in Varzuga began to revive in 1990, when a decision was made to register a religious society. The renewal of the Assumption parish occurred in 1996, also in connection with the feast of the Akhtyr Icon of the Mother of God.