The Church of St. Nicholas the Guest is one of the oldest in the Kolomna Kremlin. It was built in 1514 by the order of Grand Duke Vasily Ivanovich and Bishop Mitrophan. The church's name is associated with its role as the patron of Kolomna merchants. The modern appearance of the temple was acquired after the reconstruction in 1848.

In 1655, Antiochian Patriarch Macarius III stayed in Kolomna and spent six months here due to an epidemic, effectively performing the duties of the local archbishop. The Church of St. Nicholas the Guest is mentioned in the description of Kolomna by Archdeacon Paul of Aleppo, secretary of the Antiochian embassy.

According to data from 1843, the church was a stone building with a bell tower that had six bells and an altar dedicated to the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow." The oldest part dates back to a small square structure with a cross vault and a polygonal apse.

During the reconstruction in 1848, in addition to the main altar in honor of St. Nicholas, two chapels were added, dedicated to the icons of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow" and "The Sign." The church preserved an altar Gospel from 1509, created at the request of priest Peter Nikolsky.

In the main chapel, there was an icon of St. Nicholas of Zaraysk. In the refectory, icons of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow" and "Don" were placed, with the board of the latter being old, which could conceal a more ancient image. Besides these relics, the church preserved a Synodicon from the 19th century and a carved image of the Suffering Savior, one and a half arshins tall.

According to an order dated November 11, 1929, the church was closed. The last priest was Father Vasily Radugin. In the early 1930s, the building housed a transit point, and until August 2002, it was home to a sports school.

The first Divine Liturgy took place on August 28, 2002, on the day of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos.