The history of the Kazan church begins with the mention of an altar in honor of St. John Chrysostom, first recorded in the monastery inventory of 1665. No earlier information about it has survived. At that time, there was only one altar, which is now the northern altar, and the refectory was located in the same building.

In 1747, thanks to the widow of a warrant officer, Fekla Andreevna Pashkova, who lived in the monastery, a two-story church was built in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God and Saint Prince Dmitry. However, less than fifty years later, due to its dilapidated state, the church was dismantled, and the bricks were used for the construction of the monastery fence in 1788.

In 1789, at the request of the abbess of the monastery, an altar in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God was added to the church of St. John Chrysostom. Sixty years later, a southern altar was added to the church, consecrated in the name of Saint Martyr Abraham of Bulgaria. In 1916, a reliquary with a granite canopy was installed in this altar, which has partially survived to this day, where his relics rested.

Thus, the church acquired an architectural structure with three altars: the northern in honor of St. John Chrysostom, the southern in the name of Martyr Abraham of Bulgaria, and the central in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. It has remained in this form to this day. After the revolution, the building housed the city archive, and with the revival of monastic life, the church was returned to the monastery.