The Epiphany Church is an impressive two-story building. Historical data indicates that this is already the fifth church with this name at the same location. The first wooden church was built by Priest Theophilact, had an altar dedicated to Saint George the Victorious, and burned down in 1650. The second wooden church, constructed by his wife and sons, burned down in 1726. The third wooden church without altars was built in 1740 and dismantled in 1770. The fourth stone church with three altars was built in 1776. The fifth church was erected under Abbess Eusevia in 1811 and consecrated in 1813; it still exists today. At that time, altars were arranged: the right one in honor of the Bogolyubskaya Icon of the Mother of God, the left one for All Saints, and downstairs, a hospital church in honor of the Icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow." The building has a rectangular shape, three naves, and is built in the classical style with a small dome over the transept.

By 1913, the monastery was fully improved. All buildings were painted and whitewashed, and neat paths and flower beds delighted the eye. The interior decoration of the churches with carved iconostases and numerous icons, as well as valuable church items, was the result of the work of the nuns, numbering 325. In the monastery workshop, the sisters sewed church vestments, decorating them with golden embroidery. The architectural forms of the buildings, bright blue domes with golden stars and crosses amazed the city's guests and were a source of pride for the residents of Arzamas. The church is one of the key buildings that shape the appearance of the Cathedral Square in Arzamas.

The peaceful life of the monastery was disrupted by the October Revolution of 1917. In 1918, Red Army troops entered Arzamas, and soldiers were stationed at the Holy Nicholas Monastery. The labor cooperative of the sisters was disbanded, and the monastery was closed in 1928. Some buildings were used for various needs, and the churches gradually fell into disrepair. The Epiphany Church was handed over to the State Bank, and later a store was placed in it. In 1994, the monastery was returned to the believers, and soon the dome of the Epiphany Church was restored. In the same year, the upper winter altar in honor of the Epiphany of the Lord was consecrated.

Today, the Epiphany Church is the main place for worship. It is warm and cozy, with preserved old icons, and it houses relics of great saints, icons of Blessed Matrona of Moscow, and Saint Martyr Tatiana with relics.

In the lower part of the Epiphany Church was the hospital church in honor of the Icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow, with coins." This name has been preserved by the church to this day. Currently, this church houses two relics of the monastery: the icons of the Mother of God "Deliverance from the Troubles of the Suffering" and "It is Truly Meet" (Rublenaya). A pre-revolutionary shroud embroidered with silver thread is also kept here.