In the 17th century, the Gashyeva settlement was located on the northern outskirts of the city. The Anastasiin women's monastery in Kostroma, which was granted this settlement for a cow yard, built the Church of St. Alexius, Man of God there in 1653.

In the second half of the 18th century, when the wooden church became dilapidated, with the blessing of Bishop Damaskin of Kostroma and Galich, Priest Ioann Fedorov, with the funds from parishioners, erected a two-story stone church in the name of St. Alexius. The construction took place in two stages: the church was built in 1759 and 1762, and in the 1770s, the refectory and the lower tier of the bell tower were completed. In the first half of the 19th century, a western porch and two upper tiers of the bell tower were added.

In the early 20th century, the church was served by a priest and a psalmist. In October 1929, the authorities closed the Alexius Church. Initially, the building was used as an isolation ward for the department of public education, and in 1930, it was converted into a dormitory. In the same year, the upper tiers of the bell tower, the porch, and the drum were dismantled, and until 1988, the building served as a residential house. In 1988 and 1992, restoration work was carried out under the guidance of I. Sh. Shevelev, which returned the church to its original appearance. In 1992, the church was returned to the Kostroma diocese, and on May 3 of the same year, Bishop Alexander of Kostroma and Galich conducted the first service.

In 1993, the Alexius Church was transferred to the Kostroma Theological School, which became a seminary in 1996. Since 1994, services that were previously held in the lower church began to take place in the upper one. Thanks to benefactors, the church fence was restored, and a set of bells was installed on the bell tower.

Today, the church in the name of St. Alexius, Man of God, serves as the spiritual center of a large parish. The rector of the church is Archpriest Ioann Gutsul.

A distinctive feature of the church is the dome in the shape of a crown on the bell tower. There is a legend in Kostroma that this decoration appeared in honor of Catherine II's visit in 1767. The church is an elongated square structure oriented from west to east, intersected by a refectory with rounded corners and a three-tiered bell tower. The square structure with a semicircular apse, equal in width, is topped with an octagonal drum, roof, and onion-shaped dome. Above the square two-story lower tier of the bell tower rise two cylindrical tiers, while the third tier is surrounded by a circular balcony. To the west, the church is adjoined by a porch in the form of an open two-flight staircase with a tent on the upper landing. The church has two altars: the upper one is consecrated in the name of St. Alexius and St. Basil the Great, and the lower one, in the name of St. Dimitri, Metropolitan of Rostov, and the Venerable Zosima and Savvatiy of Solovki.

In those times, a large wooden cross in a gilded vestment, adorned with pearls, and an icon of St. Alexius, transferred from the old wooden church, were especially venerated in the church. The icon was of ancient writing. The images of the Venerable Zosima and Savvatiy of Solovki were also honored. The wall paintings of the church, executed in the glue painting technique characteristic of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, have not survived to our time.