The Ioann-Bogoslovsky Men's Monastery was founded in 1462-1463 by St. Jonah, the Bishop of Perm, in the Cherdyn region, which later became part of the Perm province, not far from where the city of Cherdyn would later appear.

Since its founding, the monastery was under the patronage of the Great Perm princes, who donated significant land holdings to it. After the Great Perm princes were overthrown and expelled from Great Perm, the monastery received support from Tsar Ivan IV the Terrible. The monastery was granted special privileges: according to the royal decree, governors were prohibited from judging the monastery's brethren and oppressing the monastery's peasants. These privileges were confirmed by Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich in 1623.

The first detailed inventory of the monastery and its possessions was compiled in 1623. At that time, the monastery owned 6 villages and a manor in the village of Kolchug, as well as extensive fishing rights.

The Bogoslovsky Monastery was known far beyond the borders of Great Perm. In the 17th-18th centuries, contributions to the monastery were made not only by residents of Cherdyn, Solikamsk, and Usolye, but also from Vyatka, Veliky Ustyug, Verkhoturye, and Solvychegodsk. In 1697, Princess E. Dashkova donated the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God to the monastery. In 1718, a new stone church with two altars was built at the monastery. In 1764, Catherine II carried out a church reform, as a result of which many monasteries and churches were closed. The Ioann-Bogoslovsky Monastery also fell under this reform and was left to its own resources in 1764, leading to its decline and closure in 1784. The monks were transferred to other monasteries, and the estates were handed over to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. In 1910, Bishop Palladius of Perm and Solikamsk received a request from local residents and the Orthodox community for the restoration of the monastery. He supported this petition and sent it to the Holy Synod in St. Petersburg. On November 12, 1911, Bishop Palladius handed the staff to the newly elected abbess, Sister Rufina, and on November 13, she, along with seven sisters, set off from Perm to Cherdyn.

Abbess Rufina worked for eight years on the restoration and arrangement of the monastery. In 1914, with the onset of World War I, the monastery actively participated in supporting the front, collecting items for shipment and creating a shelter for orphans of fallen soldiers. By 1917, there were 75 children in the shelter.

With the start of the revolution in 1917, the monastery faced persecution. Abbess Rufina was arrested by the Bolsheviks but was soon released by White forces. In 1919, after the departure of the Whites, she left the monastery with four sisters and went into exile. A few months later, they reached Novonikolaevsk, where they created a shelter for 150 children and received permission to establish the Martha and Mary community. However, this initiative was unsuccessful, and Abbess Rufina, with two novices, headed to the Far East. In June 1923, they arrived in Harbin in Manchuria, where in 1924 they founded a monastery in honor of the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God, continuing the Russian monastic tradition abroad.

In 2004, the Cherdyn Monastery was reopened as a men's monastery, and restoration work is currently underway there.