The Cyril Chapel is a small cubic building topped with a spherical dome and a four-pointed cross. The entrance to the chapel is adorned with a carved perspective portal, characteristic of Russian architecture of the 17th century. A later added portico with columns, combined with the dome, gives the structure features of Russian Empire style.

On the western wall of the chapel, to the right of the entrance, there is a stone slab with relief decor and text informing about the burial here in 1731 of the Astrakhan governor, Major General von Mengden. Here rests the abbot Cyril, the founder and head of the Trinity Cathedral, the first Orthodox monastery in Astrakhan.

Abbot Cyril died in 1576 and was buried in the Trinity Monastery, but later he was reburied near the cathedral, and a wooden chapel was erected at this site. According to legend, this happened after the saint performed a miracle, saving Astrakhan from a fire. The Astrakhan collection, which published the 'Manuscript of Nikifor Turkin', describes how the voivode's wife saw the saint Cyril over the coffin, blessing the fire with a cross, after which the flames extinguished and the fire ceased. Upon learning this, people built a chapel in his honor.

The entrance to the wooden chapel was originally made from the eastern side, which was considered a canonical violation. By the mid-17th century, the chapel had fallen into disrepair, and in 1677 a stone one was built in its place, with the entrance on the western side.

In the early 19th century, a military garrison was stationed in the Kremlin, and the construction of buildings in the classical style began. The Cyril Chapel was restored and received a portico with four Doric columns.

During the Soviet era, the chapel lost its ceiling paintings and was used for military needs by the Kremlin garrison for a long time. In the 1970s, after the restoration of the Kremlin, a souvenir shop was opened in the chapel.

In 1992, the chapel was returned to the church.