Settlements on the banks of the Mokva River existed as early as the 17th century. These places were known not only for their magnificent oak groves but also for their famous hunting grounds. Therefore, the Mokva area was originally called the Falcon Oak Grove. Here lived one-dwelling peasants, descendants of service people who settled the Kursk lands during the Peter the Great era.

One of the first owners of these lands was Ivan Petrovich Annenkov, who acquired the estate in the village of Mokva-Snykhino. However, the construction of the estate is associated with the Nelidov family.

The first to begin transforming the area in Mokva was Arkady Ivanovich Nelidov, the brother of Paul I's mistress, Ekaterina Nelidova. In November 1811, he became a secret advisor and was appointed governor of Kursk. It was with this appointment that the construction of the estate in the village of Mokva began.

The palace in the estate had an unusual appearance: pointed windows, towers, and loopholes. According to the memories of locals, the building had about fifty rooms of various purposes: a living room, dining room, library, ballroom, reception rooms, offices, and living quarters. There was even a room for musicians. However, what amazed most was not the rich decoration of the castle but the abundance of fireplaces and Dutch stoves.

Based on the existing oak grove, an English park was laid out, a system of ponds was created, and a palace was built in the style of Russian pseudo-Gothic.

After the death of Arkady Ivanovich in 1834, the estate passed to his son Arkady Arkadyevich. In his youth, he served in the guard cavalry but soon resigned, returned to Kursk province, and by the end of the first half of the 19th century became the provincial leader of the nobility. He built a lot: stables, carriage houses, ice houses, forges, a greenhouse with a gardener's house, pavilions, fountains, bridges, grottos, and a magnificent staircase leading to the pond. A.A. Nelidov was awarded for exemplary management.

Arkady Arkadyevich married Ekaterina Petrovna Pereverzeva, the daughter of a local landowner known for his wealth. She was a humble woman and was not interested in high society.

In 1848, a two-story Spasskaya Church was built in Mokva, reminiscent of the Church of Peter and Paul in Rome. The lower church housed the family crypt. Arkady Arkadyevich Nelidov ordered a deep niche of black color to be made in it, where, according to the memories of locals, a white marble statue of his deceased wife was installed.

After the death of the last Nelidov in the late 19th century, the house-palace in Mokva passed to his nephew Pyotr Petrovich Volkov. Under his leadership, the Spasskaya Church became a parish church, and a zemstvo school was opened in Mokva, where up to 80 children were educated.

With the arrival of the Bolsheviks in 1917, much of the estate was destroyed, property was looted, and the ponds were drained. The family archive of the Nelidovs was also lost.

From 1922 to 1939, the Nelidov palace housed a rest house for the 'Gubsocstraha'. In the 1930s, the grave of Arkady Arkadyevich was opened. In a zinc coffin, another wooden one was discovered, containing the remains of a short person in a velvet jacket, likely embalmed.

During the occupation from 1941 to 1943, German-fascist troops were stationed here, causing significant damage to the complex. Many trees were cut down, and several buildings were destroyed.

From 1943 to 1946, the surviving structures were used as a hospital. Since 1948, the territory of the Nelidov estate has housed a sanatorium. In 1969, the Spasskaya Church was blown up, and a prophylactic center was built in its place. Some of the dams on the ponds were restored, but the Nelidov estate has never regained its former beauty.