According to the insurance inventory of 1910, the monastery housed two stone churches: the Church of the Sorrowful and the Cathedral Church in the name of the Holy Trinity. There was also a chapel with living quarters, numerous stone and wooden buildings, a windmill on the hill, monastic cells, granaries, and other economic structures. The inventory was signed by Abbess Susanna, Priest Simeon Turkin, Treasurer Taissia, Economist Kapitolina, Ktitor Evlampia, and Archpriest Marianna. In 1914, under Abbess Ennafa, a wooden bell tower was added to these buildings, adjacent to the living cells.

According to indirect data, the monastery had a dependency in the Don Diocese. Through it, in 1917, the sisterhood at the Pskov Church of the village of Solodchi decided to order an icon of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker. The image, costing 70 rubles, was sent through the Archadinsky dependency and arrived at the monastery at the end of November. Thousands of believers from Solodchi and surrounding villages came to venerate the icon, and after solemn services, the nuns held a procession to the village of Mikhailovka.

The monastery was considered prosperous, and the iconostasis of the Holy Trinity Church was valued at 10,000 rubles. Icons with vestments for the altar were ordered in Tsaritsyn from merchant V. Rysin. Eyewitnesses claimed that there were icons by Andrei Rublev here. According to L. Popova, before the revolution, the residents of the Olkhovskaya volost heard about the appearance of the icon of the Mother of God in the chalk mountains and went to the cave. People gathered there with priests, praying for the emergence of the icon. Their prayers were heard, the icon emerged, and was placed in the church of the village of Olkhovka in a golden kiot. The last priest of the monastery was Simeon Turkin, whose son recounted that the caves now accessible to pilgrims were created by a monk as a sign of repentance.

A document with a resolution from one of the new officials is kept in the Volgograd State Archive, ordering the liquidation of religious communities, even those that had received legal status. Officials from the Stalingrad district financial department collected signatures from 65 nuns renouncing their residence in the monastery with the obligation to vacate it by February 1, 1928. The nuns gradually dispersed. There is another version of the monastery's closure: on the eve of one of the holidays, a wall icon of the Mother of God wept bloody tears, which the sisters took as a bad omen. Soon, Red Army soldiers came at night, arrested the remaining nuns, and some were drowned in a swamp.

Some researchers, such as Yu.V. and K.E. Polevy, consider the question of the existence of other tiers to be debatable. Locals claim that one could access the chalk caves from the church or other buildings by passing under a subterranean stream. They described to Hieromonk Eustathius an underground hall with a round table and seats carved from chalk, as well as bowls with oil. Boys reached an underground river with a bridge but turned back due to a lack of air.

The study of the caves began in 1984 when Volgograd speleologists excavated the blocked entrance. The labyrinths were constructed so that they could be closed in case of danger. Locals spoke of a bricked-up boat. Journalists collected many legends about the monastery, ranging from the existence of caves during the reign of the khans to hidden treasures of Razin and disappearances of people in the dungeons.

Since 1996, the restoration of the monastery fence began. In 1999, internal repairs were carried out in the church of "All Who Sorrow Rejoice," heating was installed, warm floors were made, and the walls were plastered and painted. Since 2001, services have been held year-round; before that, in winter, they took place in the home Holy Trinity Church. In 1999, a wooden baptismal font was built over the Holy Spring. In 2004, the restoration of the former refectory building began, which, by the blessing of Metropolitan German, is being restored as archpastoral quarters, the abbot's cell, reception rooms, and a hall for receiving guests.