Boris Yakovlevich Ryauzov was born on July 1, 1919, in the village of Biruchya Kosa, Astrakhan region. From 1939 to 1941, he studied at the Omsk Art College under the guidance of T. P. Kozlov. Since 1940, he participated in exhibitions, and in 1942 he became a member of the Union of Artists of the RSFSR. As of December 27, 1944, he was a senior sergeant and reconnaissance artilleryman of the 19th Guards Rifle Corps.

Since 1946, Ryauzov lived and worked in Krasnoyarsk, where he headed the local branch of the Union of Artists of the RSFSR. From 1975 to 1988, he was a member of the board of the Union of Artists of the USSR. His achievements were recognized with diplomas and honorary certificates from the Ministry of Culture of the RSFSR and the USSR, as well as the Union of Artists of the RSFSR and the USSR.

Ryauzov participated in regional, territorial, and all-Union exhibitions, and held solo exhibitions in Krasnoyarsk in 1960, 1979, 1980, 1986, and 2019. His works were presented at international exhibitions in Poland (1954), West Germany (1970), West Berlin (1971), Japan (1972), Canada (1975), and Italy (1976). From 1955 to 1990, his works were exhibited in Romania, Bulgaria, Syria, Egypt, Lebanon, and New Zealand.

Ryauzov became the first artist from beyond the Ural Mountains elected as a full member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR. For a series of paintings dedicated to historical sites in Siberia related to the life and activities of Lenin, he was awarded the State Prize of the RSFSR named after I. E. Repin. In 1978, he taught at the Krasnoyarsk State Institute of Arts.

Boris Yakovlevich Ryauzov passed away on August 13, 1994, and was buried at the Badalykskoye Cemetery in Krasnoyarsk. A museum dedicated to his work has been opened in this city.