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Consumer Society Stores and Offices at the Moscow Metallurgical Plant

Фото 1
On October 14, 1883 (October 2 by the old calendar), a royal decree was issued allowing Y. P. Gujon to build a metallurgical plant in the area of today's Zolotorozhsky Val. At that time, this place behind the Rogozhskaya Zastava was a wasteland with the Golden Rojok stream. The plant, later known as the 'Gujon Plant', became one of the largest metallurgical enterprises in Russia before World War I, and after the revolution, it was named 'Sickle and Hammer', giving its name to the neighboring street, Sickle and Hammer Passage.

The history of Gujon begins with his father, who moved from France to Moscow in 1845 and founded a nail manufacturing plant. His son Yuliy was born in Moscow, inherited the business, and significantly expanded production by 1880.

In the mid and late 19th century, industry was rapidly developing, and Russia was on the brink of a metallurgical revolution. Yuliy Petrovich foresaw the changes and understood that for the growth of his enterprises, a new modern production was necessary, which was realized in 1884. Just a year later, rolling production began at the Gujon plant, and by 1890, the first open-hearth furnace was operational. The growth of the plant was impressive: in 1884, it employed 200 people, in 1894, 1,500, and by 1917, 3,000. In 1913, the plant had seven open-hearth furnaces and produced 90,000 tons of steel.

Gujon harshly exploited workers: he suppressed strikes and did not care about working conditions. Even in the hot shops, the working day lasted 12 hours, labor was not mechanized, and injury rates were high. The plant was nicknamed 'bone-crushing'. In the last 10 years of the Russian Empire, Gujon headed the Moscow Society of Manufacturers and Factory Owners, embodying the class enemy of the proletariat. Yuliy Petrovich died in 1918, not at the hands of the Red Army, but from White Guards.

The architecture of the plant features typical late 19th-century brick-style buildings, popular on the outskirts and in factory construction. It is believed that some of the buildings were constructed by engineer Eduard Fyodorovich Fleisner. The facades of the buildings emphasize the beauty of brickwork: cornices and arches are executed with elements of ancient Russian architecture, such as 'porebrik' and the perspective portal.

In 2009, the plant ceased operations, and in 2014, a plan for reconstruction and development of the area with residential buildings and offices was approved. The photos show the buildings before and after reconstruction.

Geo point

Магазины и служебные помещения Общества потребителей при Товариществе Московского металлургического завода

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