The Church of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin in Izmaylovo was built in 1671-1679 on the site of an old wooden church that remained from the estate of Nikita Romanov. The construction was overseen by the stonemasonry apprentice Ivan Kuznechik, and the work was carried out by Volga craftsmen, the Medvedev brothers. The tiled decoration with the "peacock eye" pattern was created by the renowned master Stepan Polubes. The iconostasis was made in the workshop of Simon Fyodorovich Ushakov.

In November 1837, Emperor Nicholas I ordered the establishment of a large military almshouse on the island. It was closed in 1918, and in 1924 and 1926, the buildings were converted into communal apartments for employees of the aviation factory "Salyut." More than 2500 people lived in the former almshouse. A warehouse was set up in the church, and the structures of the iconostasis were destroyed. Only large icons remained, which were used as shelves. In the 1960s, local historian Alexander Kuznetsov discovered these icons, and they were transferred to the Museum of Ancient Russian Art. In the 1970s and 1980s, the cathedral housed a warehouse for the Research Institute "Informelektro." The church became active again in the 1990s. In 2001 and 2002, a new iconostasis was created, which returned several preserved icons by Simon Ushakov.