The history of this church goes back to a distant past. According to chronicles, during Ivan the Terrible's campaign against Kazan in 1552, the fourth royal camp was located on the banks of the Irzhi River in Nizhny Novgorod land, where the tsar erected wooden churches. According to legend, it was here that a stone temple was built. Subsequently, the villages of Semyonovo, Chetvertakovo, Stepanovo, Tumanovo, Kuzmin Usad, Vodovatovo, and others appeared in this area. Records from the early 17th century mention the village of Semyonovskoye, located in the Irzhinsky district near the Old Moscow road. If a village is mentioned, it means there was a church there.

According to revision tales, in the early 19th century, the village of Semyonovo belonged to Alexander Rodionovich Sungurov, while Chetvertakovo belonged to Anna Petrovna Koltovskaya and Major Pyotr Yakovlevich Andreev. In the mid-19th century, Prince N.I. Yengalychev became the owner of Semyonovo, and Chetvertakovo was owned by Shcherbatov. The 1815 inventory of the Arzamas parish states: 'In the village of Semyonovskoye and Chetvertakovo, there is a wooden church of the Holy Trinity on a stone foundation, built in 1756. There are 126 households in the parish. Priest Fyodor Fedotov.'

The construction of the stone church began in 1815, designed by architect Mikhail Petrovich Korinfsky in honor of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812. The initiators were the residents of the villages of Semyonovo and Chetvertakovo, and the work was overseen by Prince Dudovich. In 1839, the construction was completed, and the main altar was consecrated in honor of the Most Holy Life-Giving Trinity. The residents of Chetvertakovo celebrated the Nativity of the Virgin Mary as their patronal feast, so the left chapel was consecrated in her honor, while the right chapel was dedicated to the Transfiguration of the Lord and the Icon 'Deliverance from the Sufferings of the Afflicted,' which was brought from Jerusalem by the layman Tarasov.

Until the mid-20th century, Semyonovo was a volost center, and the local church was known throughout the region. It operated until 1937, when its last priest, Vladimir Feofanovich Silunsky, was executed by the verdict of the troika of the NKVD of the USSR in the Gorky region on November 28, 1937.

In 1941, shortly before the war, the bell tower and winter church were destroyed. The summer church was used by the collective farm 'Zarya' as a storage facility. The Icon 'Deliverance from the Sufferings of the Afflicted' was in the church of the village of Stepanovo but was later stolen, and its whereabouts are unknown. In the 1990s, a strong wind blew the cross off the dome. The residents raised funds for restoration and restored it, but a few years later, a fire destroyed the dome.

In 2013, the residents of the villages of Semyonovo and Chetvertakovo decided to revive the church located between their villages. Information about it had to be gathered bit by bit, and confirmation that it was built according to the project of Mikhail Petrovich Korinfsky became an important contribution to the restoration of the historical memory of these places.