In the 16th and 17th centuries, there was a village called Rozhdestvenskoye on the banks of the Sheksna River. Here, near the crossing, a wooden church dedicated to Saint Nicholas with an altar of the Holy Trinity was built. Over time, the church fell into disrepair and was dismantled. A stone church began to be constructed on this site, financed by parishioners and the local landowner Nikolai Diomidovich Panfilov. In 1789, the church was consecrated in honor of the Nativity of Christ.

The snow-white church, with a single dome, refectory, and bell tower with a spire, was built in the classical style and resembled a ship on the banks of the Sheksna. Surrounding the church was a large cemetery. From the 18th century, by decree of Catherine II, residents of Cherepovets were buried here. After the revolution, church lands were nationalized, and in 1919, property made of precious metals was confiscated. In 1930, discussions began about closing churches, especially in Rozhdestvenskoye. On April 14, 1931, the church was closed, the fence and two tiers of the bell tower were dismantled, the decor was removed from the facades, and the cast-iron crosses from the cemetery were taken for industrialization. During the Soviet era, the building was used as a cafeteria, club, driving school, garage, timber trading base, and warehouse. In 1989, a fire occurred in the church, and by the early 1990s, it had turned into a charred ruin.

The restoration project was based on historical-archival materials and photographs provided by the Cherepovets Museum. Funds for the restoration were collected from all over, and work began in 1992. A second altar of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos with a large marble baptistery was arranged under the altar in the crypt. The domes were covered with red copper purchased with funds from the city administration. On September 22, 1995, the dome of the bell tower was installed, and on July 22, 1996, the crosses were raised. The largest bell for the church was cast in 1995 in Voronezh. The iconostasis of the church was crafted by masters from the Trinity-Sergius Lavra according to a classical scheme. The consecration of the church took place on July 18, 1997.