In 1879, a three-story building for the District Court was constructed at the intersection of Moskovskaya and Nikolskaya streets (now Radishcheva Street) based on the design by architect A.M. Salko. In 1882-1883, a building for the Judicial Chamber was added, which had previously been located in the provincial administrative offices on Sobornaya Square. In 1898-1899, another extension for the Commercial School was built along Nikolskaya Street, also designed by Salko.

The building, executed in an eclectic style, was one of the largest in Saratov at the time of its construction. Before the revolution, the lower floor was used for shops and other commercial establishments. The building housed the 'Society of Merchants and Burghers,' with shops on the first floor, including P.L. Davydov's confectionery, the 'Sovremennik' bookstore, a grocery store where one could buy smoked goods, dried mushrooms, herring, and caviar, as well as F.S. Makhonov's tea shop. The upper floors housed the District Court, the Congress of Justices of the Peace, the chambers of Justices of the Peace, and the Judicial Chamber, as well as offices for court staff, including prosecutors, investigators, jurors, and bailiffs. From 1902 to 1917, numerous court proceedings took place here, after which the convicted were sent to the prison located at the corner of Moskovskaya and Astrakhanskaya.