At the end of the 16th century, by the order of Tsar Boris Godunov, a yamskaya "gonny" sloboda was established on the outskirts of Moscow, named Rogozhskaya in honor of the wealthy village of Rogozh (now the city of Noginsk).

In 1771, due to a plague epidemic, most city cemeteries were closed, and new ones were opened outside the city. An extensive area was allocated for an Old Believer cemetery behind the Rogozhskaya barrier, which soon became the main center for the "popovtsy," Old Believers who recognize the priesthood. As a result, Old Believers began to buy up land in the Rogozhskaya sloboda, and by the 19th century it had become predominantly Old Believer.

The two main streets of Rogozhskaya sloboda, Voronya (now Sergiya Radonezhskogo) and 1st Rogozhskaya (now Shkolnaya), have survived to this day. Voronya Street changed its appearance in the 1980s when all historical buildings on the even side were demolished and the street was widened. Meanwhile, 1st Rogozhskaya retained its pre-revolutionary appearance. In the past, it was also called Krutoyarskaya and Telezhnaya. The street was lined with two-story stone houses that housed inns and shops selling carts and carriages. Despite its width, the street was always bustling, reminiscent of a large fair with the movement of people and carts.

In the 20th century, the "troikas with jingling bells" and the hustle and bustle disappeared, and communal apartments appeared in the inns. The street was renamed Shkolnaya in honor of a school for working youth that was supposedly located here after the revolution.

In the 1970s, city authorities planned to create protected areas in Moscow to preserve historical and cultural monuments. Although the plans were not fully realized, Shkolnaya Street, which retained its historical buildings, became one of these zones. Communal apartments were vacated, and the street was handed over for restoration. Specialists carefully studied the original architectural plans of the yamschik houses. The restoration lasted until the late 1990s, resulting in the restoration of the facades of the houses and the wooden gates of the inns. Near house No. 18, a ventilation stump of the pre-revolutionary sewage system has been preserved.

Today, various offices are located in the restored buildings, and Shkolnaya Street has become one of the pedestrian streets of Moscow and a popular place for walks.