The museum was opened to the public in 1973 thanks to the initiative of Maxim Alekseevich Shubenkov and was initially located in a small barrack building. In 1980, it was provided with space on the second floor of the former state bank building. At the request of the city administration, according to the decree of the Council of Ministers of the BASSR dated June 23, 1989, the museum in Tuymazy became a branch of the Bashkir United Museum, now known as the National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Lilia Nykmukhametovna Kadyrova was appointed as the director, who led the museum for 18 years.

Initially, the number of exhibits was small, and materials were needed to create the first exhibitions. The first two halls opened on February 23, 1990. Over the years, the museum has established itself as a unique institution that houses rare and interesting exhibits.

Tours and lectures conducted by the museum's scientific staff are in constant demand in educational institutions of the city and district. Visitors from other cities are attracted by the intimacy and vibrancy of the exhibitions. Preschoolers and schoolchildren are particularly interested in the hall "Flora and Fauna of the Republic of Bashkortostan," while the older generation appreciates the opportunity to see the history of their native land through faces and events. No one remains indifferent after visiting the hall "Material Culture of the Peoples of the Republic of Bashkortostan." The residents of Tuymazy and guests of the city enjoy attending art exhibitions organized by the museum.