According to local Murom legend, the Resurrection Women's Monastery was founded in the 13th century and is associated with the names of the holy princes Peter and Fevronia, who are believed to have visited this place and blessed the hill where the monastery later arose.

One of the first reliable mentions of the Resurrection Church dates back to 1566. In 1616, priest Ioann was killed here by Polish troops of Lisovsky. The first detailed description of the church is found in the inventory of 1637: it was wooden, with three domes topped with iron crosses, and had two chapels, of Archangel Michael and Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker. The church housed 13 icons, two tin vessels, a silver cross, and 25 books.

Next to the Resurrection Church stood a wooden church of the Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos, which was used in winter due to the presence of a stove. Nearby was a wooden bell tower with eight bells weighing a total of 80 poods. The monastery, which housed 16 nuns under the guidance of Abbess Mariamna, was surrounded by a wooden fence and was maintained with funds from merchant Semyon Fyodorovich Cherkasov.

In 1620, Abbess Maremyana received the right to produce kvass and wort, which brought the monastery an income of 20 rubles a year. By 1646, both churches remained wooden, and the number of cells increased to 30. In the second half of the 17th century, Avraam Cherkasov built brick churches, but the exact time of their construction is unknown. By 1678, the monastery housed an abbess and 26 elder nuns, and in 1723, 26 houses were attached to it.

The monastery existed until 1764, when, as a result of Catherine II's decree on the secularization of church lands, the Resurrection and Entry churches became parish churches, and the nuns were transferred to the Trinity Monastery.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the churches remained parish churches, and nearby was one of the city cemeteries. In 1897, the Resurrection Cathedral received a new iconostasis, and the Entry Church had two altars.

During the Soviet era, the monastery, like many other Murom churches, was closed, and its buildings were used as warehouses. In 1929, the cemetery was destroyed, and later a football field was arranged in its place. In the 1970s and 1980s, the Resurrection Church had a sports section, and the church had a gym with a ring.

In 1998, the churches were returned to the Vladimir-Suzdal Diocese, and monastic life was revived in them. In 2013, with the establishment of the Murom Diocese, the monastery came under its jurisdiction. Nearby the monastery is the holy spring of Peter and Fevronia.