The first mentions of the women's Resurrection Monastery in Murom date back to 1566. It is unknown which specific churches were there at that time. The first reliable description appeared in the early 17th century: "Behind the stream on the hill is the Resurrection Maiden Monastery, with two tent churches. The wooden church of the Resurrection of the Lord has three tented tops, with two chapels, of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker and of the Archangel Michael. The second church is a warm wooden one in the name of the Entry of the Most Holy Mother of God." This description belongs to Boris Bartenyev and is dated 1637.

The stone monastery cathedral was built in the mid-17th century. From 1655 to 1658, with the funds of merchant Semyon Fyodorovich Cherkasov, a church dedicated to Saint George was built in the monastery, located on the high bank of the Oka River in the Leather Sloboda, which has not survived to this day, as well as the cathedral in the name of the Resurrection of the Lord and the church of the Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos with a bell tower. These two churches were erected on the site of the old wooden ones. The Resurrection Church resembles the cathedrals of other Murom monasteries: the Trinity Cathedral, built in 1642, and the Annunciation Cathedral, erected in 1664. The cathedral of the Resurrection Monastery is a five-domed temple with a high cube at its base, with a refectory attached to the western side, covered with a gable roof. It is surrounded on the north and west sides by a covered gallery with porches topped with four-sided tents.

The original decorative adornment of the cathedral is now impossible to restore, as it suffered from a fire in 1792, and in the late 19th century, it was plastered, hiding the ancient masonry under a layer of cement. At the turn of the century, new paintings appeared in the cathedral, as well as a four-pitched roof that distorted its appearance. It destroyed the traditional "hill" of two rows of kokoshniks, supplemented by small kokoshniks at the base of the drums. The drums with the domes, reminiscent of the cathedrals of other monasteries, poorly match the later roof and look "alien." A distinctive feature of this temple is the pronounced difference in the sizes of the kokoshniks of the upper and lower rows, which is not found in other Murom monasteries.

After the monastery was abolished in 1764, the cathedral became a parish church and remained so until 1929, when it was closed. Subsequently, it housed a gym for a boxing section. By the 1990s, when the monastery was returned to the church, this unique temple, once rivaling the beauty of the cathedrals of the Trinity and Annunciation Monasteries but significantly different from them, was in a deplorable state. During the restoration work from 2007 to 2010, it was put in order, but unfortunately, the original appearance of the cathedral, the shape of the roof, and decorative elements were never restored.