The Saratov Society of Naturalists and Nature Lovers was established in 1895, and just a year later, the museum of this society was opened. From 1906 to 1909, thanks to the financial support of V. F. Komar and donations from other active members of the organization, as well as with the assistance of the city, a building was constructed based on the design of architect V. K. Karpenko, who worked pro bono. The main donors of the museum were the society's members, among whom were notable scientists and public figures. For example, the ornithological collection was donated to the museum by the founder of the Khvalynsk Local History Museum, Mikhail Alekseevich Radishchev, and a significant contribution to the museum's development was made by its head in 1915 and 1921, botanist Viktor Viktorovich Fofanov.

In the early years of Soviet power, the museum lost its status as an independent institution, and in 1928, its collection was merged with others in the local history museum, which is now part of the nature department. The elegant building of the museum and society was demolished in the 1960s, and a residential building now stands in its place.