On August 17, 1823, the main cathedral of the monastery, dedicated to the Exaltation of the Honorable and Life-Giving Cross of the Lord, was consecrated. Two years later, on July 30, 1825, the right chapel was consecrated in honor of the Praise of the Most Holy Theotokos and the Holy Martyr Dionysius the Areopagite. The left chapel of the cathedral, consecrated on August 20, 1825, was named in honor of Saint Innocent of Irkutsk at the request of benefactors, the merchants Basnins. Under the altar of the church, a burial church was later arranged in the name of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God, where all the abbesses of the monastery were buried.

The five-domed cathedral was a regular cross measuring 35 by 35 meters with a central wooden dome. After the revolution, the monastery was closed, and the cathedral remained empty. Later, the building was transferred to the Sverdov Machine Engineering Plant, and the burial site in the former Iveron church was used for dumping garbage. For several decades, a galvanic production facility was located here.

In 1995, the cathedral was returned to the faithful, and on September 27, 1999, the first service was held there after a long break. During the restoration, well-preserved fragments of wall paintings were discovered beneath layers of lime and dirt. During the service, the plaster fell off, revealing the faces of the holy martyrs Faith, Hope, and Love.

After clearing the lower Iveron church, remains presumably belonging to six abbesses of the Cross Exaltation Monastery were found in the burial church. On September 27, 2011, on the feast day of the Exaltation of the Honorable and Life-Giving Cross of the Lord, Archbishop Georgy conducted the rite of the Great Consecration of the Cross Exaltation Cathedral.