← Back to feed · Map

Confectionery Factory 'Bolshevik'

Фото 1
The factory of the partnership 'A. Siu and Co.', one of the oldest and largest enterprises in the confectionery industry of Russia, was founded in 1855 in Moscow by French entrepreneur Adolphe Siu. In 1913, the firm was awarded the title of 'Supplier to the Court of His Imperial Majesty'. After nationalization in 1924, the factory was renamed 'Bolshevik'.

The history of the construction of the factory complex on Leningradsky Prospekt began in 1884 when Adolphe Siu decided to expand production. He purchased a plot with a house and garden in a suburban area, in the Presnensky part of the sixth quarter behind Tverskaya Zastava on the left side of the St. Petersburg highway. The construction of the new building was entrusted to architect O.F. Didio, known among Moscow entrepreneurs of French descent. The project was approved in May 1884, and construction was completed by October 1 of the same year.

O.F. Didio built a two-story stone building with a semi-basement and attic (now d. 15, bldg. 1) in the eastern part of the plot, set back from the red line of modern Leningradsky Prospekt. Two risalits adjoined the southwest facade: a central one with a boiler room and a northern one with a service entrance and staircase serving all floors. The main entrance with a massive stone staircase was located in the center of the main northeast facade. The base of the staircase was decorated with lanterns in the form of female figures with light fixtures. The four-pitched roof had a metal lace 'crest'.

The facades were executed in the brick style popular in the rationalist trend of industrial architecture in the second half of the 19th century: walls made of unplastered red brick with decorative masonry and rich decor made of light brick. The vertical division of the facade was created by a rhythmic alternation of window openings with narrow walls between them. The windows with arched tops and geometric glazing were framed with 'lace' moldings with keystones made of light brick.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, the volume of the building changed. In 1891, architect A.K. Vulfing added a glazed balcony at the second-floor level of the southern part of the western facade, supported by cast-iron columns. In 1896, O.F. Didio added a four-story stone volume to the building on the northwest facade, stylistically linking both structures. The wide window sills were decorated with a two-colored 'chess' ornament. The facade was topped with a cornice of stylized 'tongues'. Between 1903 and 1905, the building was expanded by adding new volumes to the southwest facade. In the 1930s, the attic floor of the main building was converted into a full third floor, decorated in the spirit of the lower floors. The formation of the building was completed in the 1950s-1960s. It is possible that the historical central grand staircase was dismantled then. Today, the building has retained the volumetric-spatial composition of the mid-20th century and the architectural-decorative design of the facades from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The window openings have preserved the carpentry filling with geometric glazing from the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

In 1896, a second building out of three was constructed, forming the grand courtyard of the factory complex (d. 15, bldg. 2). O.F. Didio built a four-story stone building with a basement and attic, which housed six apartments for factory employees and a shop. The building, executed in the style of a factory building, was topped with a tent roof with a clock in a stylized figurative plaster attic.

In 1902, N.P. Nikitin built an L-shaped two-story stone building (d. 15, bldg. 3), completing the formation of the representative area of the factory, which is now an architectural dominant of Leningradsky Prospekt. The facades of the building echoed the appearance of O.F. Didio's constructions. The first floor with wide display windows was intended for the branded confectionery store, while the second was for employee apartments. At the second-floor level, there was a balcony with a lace metal railing, supported by figurative consoles. Above the risalit in the southern part, a high tent roof with a spire has been preserved.

At the end of 2011, the factory moved its production to the Vladimir region. After renovation, the territory of the former factory became a cultural and business quarter, where the historical buildings were integrated into a modern architectural space.

The restoration of the former factory building, the residential building for employees, and the confectionery store was carried out from 2013 to 2015. In the first phase, emergency measures were taken, and the foundations and structures were reinforced.

In the subsequent phases of restoration, late plaster solutions were removed, lost bricks and decorative elements were restored in certain areas. The cornices were restored with the recreation of lost elements. Historical door and window openings were restored based on drawings, archival photographs, and analogs of that time.

In the factory building, a grand external staircase was constructed on the main facade according to the project. In the residential building for employees, decorative metal grilles and canopies were recreated at the entrances, as well as doors. In the confectionery store building, the metal railing and the preserved figurative console of the second-floor balcony were restored.

Geo point

Кондитерская фабрика “Большевик”

Comments