More than three hundred years ago, Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia Joachim blessed Prince Mikhail Cherkassky, the owner of the village of Ostankino, to build a new stone church to replace the old wooden one, consecrated in honor of the Life-Giving Trinity. The prince planned to add two chapels: in the name of the Most Holy Theotokos of the Tikhvin Icon and Saint Alexander of Svir. He requested permission to build in a new location due to an epidemic that left many burials in the old site. The petition for construction was submitted in September 1678.

The village of Ostankino has been known since 1548, and after the Time of Troubles, it became the estate of Prince Ivan Borisovich Cherkassky. In 1617, there was already a church in honor of the Life-Giving Trinity, fields, a pond, a mill, the Boyarkina settlement, a boyar's courtyard, and the Kopytanka River, which was later enclosed in a pipe. The church staff consisted of a priest, a deacon, and a sexton, who was also the bell ringer.

In 1625 and 1627, a new wooden church was built. The estate passed to Prince Yakov Kudentovich Cherkassky, and then to Prince Mikhail Yakovlevich Cherkassky, who decided to build a stone church. His elder son Peter married Princess Maria Borisovna Golitsyna, and the younger one married Agrafena Lvovna Naryshkina. Prince Cherkassky was a large landowner, owning 9,083 households. Ostankino was the main estate of the Cherkasskys in the Moscow region. The prince built extensively: churches in the Novo-Spassky Monastery, in the village of Nikolskoye, within the Kremlin, and in other places.

Ostankino was the main residence of the Cherkasskys. The new church, located near the estate, became their family church with three chapels. Noble persons, including members of the royal family, often stopped here on their way to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. In 1856, before the arrival of Emperor Alexander II, the iconostasis was updated. The church's iconostasis is interesting for its architecture, reminiscent of an organ.

In the 18th century, Ostankino remained the main residence of the Cherkasskys, but with the transfer of the capital to St. Petersburg, the owners visited less frequently. In the 1730s, Ostankino regained significance, and Prince Cherkassky spent summers here with his family. The estate was visited by Empress Anna Ioannovna and Elizabeth Petrovna. After the prince's death in 1742, his daughter Varvara married Count Peter Sheremetev. Ostankino fell into a slumber, but after Varvara's death in 1767, Count Peter Borisovich changed the appearance of the church.

In the 19th century, the Sheremetevs moved to St. Petersburg. The count donated to the construction of charitable institutions, including the Sklifosovsky Emergency Medical Institute. After his death, the estate passed to Prince Dmitry Nikolaevich, under whom the church was restored. Ostankino became a popular place for walks. In 1856, Emperor Alexander II chose Ostankino for fasting before his coronation. The church was updated, icons were repaired, and the walls were repainted.

Count Dmitry Sheremetev was pious and often worshipped at the shrines. In 1866, he brought the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God to Ostankino. In 1875, Count Alexander Dmitrievich Sheremetev began repairs and restoration of the church.

In 1919, the parish descended into poverty. In 1922, valuables were confiscated from the church. In the 1930s, the church became part of the Anti-Religious Museum. During the war, the premises were used as a storage facility. In the 1970s, restoration began. In 1991, Patriarch Alexy II consecrated the altar in honor of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity. In 1994 and 1996, the chapels were consecrated. Today, it houses the Patriarchal Metochion, and an Orthodox community has been established. In difficult times and on holidays, the brotherhood prays for the salvation of Russia and all Orthodox Christians.