Until 1810, the village of Dyatkovo belonged to the parish of the now non-existent village of Spasskoye (Prudki). After the construction of the Dyatkovo crystal factory in 1790, which led to the rapid growth of the village, the question arose about moving the parish to Dyatkovo. At the request of second-major I.A. Maltsev, the diocesan authorities permitted the construction of a new church to replace the old one, which was too small. The construction lasted from 1807 to 1810. In 1810, the parish of Spasskoye was transferred to Dyatkovo, and relics were also moved here, including an icon of the twelve feasts with 30 particles of holy relics and an ancient silver cross with holy relics. The church was made of stone with a bell tower, designed in the Greek style. After the consecration of the church, the village of Dyatkovo became a selo, and the parish of Spasskoye was abolished (by the mid-19th century, the village itself disappeared; now the village of Latyshovka is located in its place).

In the 19th century, the Dyatkovo church was rebuilt and expanded several times. In 1838, at the decision of Ivan Akimovich Maltsev and his son, retired Major General Sergey Ivanovich Maltsev, the church was reconstructed, and two chapels were symmetrically added to accommodate the increasing number of parishioners. In 1845, the church and bell tower were rebuilt in the Italian style. In 1848, the construction of the chapel in the name of St. Basil the Great was completed, which was built from cast iron ingots above the Maltsev family crypt, near the holy altar of the Transfiguration church. The last reconstruction of the church took place by 1855, during which a new iconostasis was installed, and a passage was made from the altar to the family crypt and chapel. The Maltsevs spared no expense on the reconstruction of the church and its interior decoration. An order for the creation of icons for the new iconostasis was placed with the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. All iconostases were decorated with white, embossed transparent crystal produced at the Dyatkovo crystal factory. The icons "The Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos" and "The Last Supper," created by the artist Lavrov, attracted special attention. The interior decoration of the church was also impressive.

By 1904-05, the parish of Dyatkovo included the village itself, the Zneberskaya glass factory, and the villages of Dyatkovo, Chernyatichi, Sosnovka, Vereshchovka, Chizhovka, and Belaya Rechka. The number of parishioners was 4,501 men and 4,550 women. The clergy consisted of four members. The parish had a church school, three literacy schools, and two zemstvo schools. The church was part of the 4th Deanery of the Bryansk district of the Oryol diocese.

After the October Revolution, the church continued to function until its closure and destruction in 1929. On February 4, 1929, the Dyatkovo City Council, at a meeting of the expanded Presidium, proposed to dismantle the chapel to use the materials for road construction. The initiative was based on resolutions from electoral districts and petitions from the public. The question of dismantling the chapel was sent for approval to the Bezhitsky district Executive Committee of the Council of Workers, Peasants, and Red Army Deputies. The district executive committee agreed with the opinion of the Dyatkovo city council, and on February 12, 1929, sent a request for the dismantling of the chapel for approval to the Bryansk Provincial Executive Committee. However, the Presidium of the Bryansk Provincial Executive Committee did not immediately approve the decision to eliminate the monument. Lacking guiding instructions on the procedure for demolishing such structures, on February 18, 1929, the question was redirected to the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the RSFSR. On February 21, 1929, the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs clarified that the memorial chapel could be liquidated since it was associated with the name of S.I. Maltsev, who was considered an exploiter. On February 28, 1929, the Presidium of the Bryansk Provincial Executive Committee allowed the liquidation of the memorial chapel and the use of the materials obtained for road construction.

Although none of the resolutions mentioned the liquidation of the Transfiguration church itself, it was soon closed and destroyed. On March 4, 1929, anti-religious citizens, Komsomol members, and police officers effectively destroyed the church. The crystal iconostasis and altar were destroyed, and many icons were burned. The caretaker's room was also destroyed, and he was evicted onto the street with his family. Complaints from parishioners to M.I. Kalinin and the prosecutor of the republic N.V. Krylenko requesting punishment for the guilty went unanswered.

On June 13, 1929, the Bryansk Provincial Executive Committee issued a decree to close the Transfiguration church in Dyatkovo and use it for cultural and educational work (as a club-cinema). The final closure of the church took place on October 21, 1929, and its property was transferred to the Dyatkovo City Council. A few years later, the church was completely dismantled.

To this day, some elements of the interior decoration have survived: a candlestick made of multicolored glass, a lamp, and one decorative element of the crystal iconostasis. These items are exhibits in the permanent exhibition at the Dyatkovo Crystal Museum.