The first stone building of the church was erected in the 17th century. The construction of the current building is connected to the events of the Patriotic War of 1812. By the feast of the Intercession in 1812, it became clear that Kolomna was no longer threatened by enemy occupation. In honor of this event, the townspeople organized a procession. In 1813 and 1828, thanks to the efforts of parishioners and merchants Filipp, Kiprian, and Kirill Maksimovich Kislov, a new church was built, which became a monument to the victory over Napoleon. In the early 20th century, a rectory in the Art Nouveau style was built next to the church. In the late 1930s, services in the church ceased, after which the upper tiers of the bell tower and the drum were destroyed, and the interior was looted. In 1996, services resumed, and by 2006, the drum and dome were restored.

The Church of the Intercession is a pillarless temple in the style of mature classicism. The square base of the church supports a massive domed rotunda. A two-altar refectory, covered by a system of cross vaults, adjoins the church. The rotunda is adorned with paired pilasters with sculpted Corinthian capitals.