The Church of Cosmas and Damian in Zarechny was built in 1786 through the efforts of the parishioners. In 1865, the Cosmas-Damian Church was renovated and repaired, and then underwent major repairs again in 1876 and 1881. A stone watchman's lodge was located at the church, where a parish literacy school opened in January 1892. Despite the investments made, the cold, cramped, and dilapidated church no longer met the needs of the parish. Therefore, in 1895 and 1898, a new wooden church on a stone foundation was built with the parishioners' funds, covered with shingles, featuring a bell tower and a single altar dedicated to Cosmas and Damian, consecrated on November 5, 1898.

The five-domed church had a cross-shaped form, the walls were painted white, the interior was plastered, and the iconostasis was four-tiered, made of linden wood and gilded. The bell tower housed six bells, the largest of which weighed 152 poods. The area around the church was enclosed with a stone fence and iron grilles.

The clergy consisted of a priest and a psalmist, who lived in church houses. In 1910, there were 517 households in Malaya Gryaznukha, home to 1,557 men and 1,607 women, including Russians and Mordvins. The settlement had a church, a parish school, and a zemstvo school.

The Cosmas-Damian Church ceased its activities in 1930. In 1932, services resumed briefly, but the church was ultimately closed and later destroyed.