In 1837, in the village of Dukhivnitskoe, local landowner Mikhail Yevgrafyevich Protopopov built a prayer house with a small chapel, where funerals and burials were conducted.

After the establishment of Samara Province in 1851, the village of Dukhivnitskoe was transferred from the Saratov Diocese to the newly formed Samara Diocese. In April 1856, the landowner's widow, Praskovya Alexandrovna Protopopova, appealed to the Samara Spiritual Consistory with a request to rebuild the prayer house into a cemetery church in the name of the Archangel Michael. It was planned that services would be conducted on Sundays and holidays by one of the priests from the Protection Church in the village of Lipovka. In May 1856, permission for construction was granted, and by November 1857, the church was built. On November 8, 1857, it was consecrated by the priest from Lipovka, Mark Ostrovidev.

In September 1871, the church in Dukhivnitskoe was reconstructed into a half-church, remaining part of the parish of the Protection Church in Lipovka. In April 1894, the Michael-Archangel Church was again reconstructed and expanded. The expansion project was approved on April 29, 1894, by the construction department of the Samara provincial government. The work was supervised by diocesan architect Khilinsky. The updated church could accommodate up to 400 parishioners and occupied an area of 20 square fathoms. There was a watchman's lodge built within the churchyard. The church was insured for 10,000 rubles with the St. Petersburg Insurance Society. Next to the church was a cemetery surrounded by a ditch. The church staff consisted of a priest and a psalmist, for whom a two-story stone house was built in 1892.

In 1878, thanks to the efforts of nobleman A.M. Protopopov, the son of the church's builder, a two-class school was opened at the church. On September 24, 1895, a one-class church school was opened, located in a house built for it by landowner P.A. Protopopova.

During the Soviet years, the church was converted into a cinema, then into a training and course combination for agricultural management, and later transferred to a music school.

On May 31, 1995, the church building was transferred to the Orthodox parish of the workers' settlement of Dukhivnitskoe. Archbishop Alexander of Saratov and Volsk consecrated the antimins for the church, named in honor of the holy prophet Elijah. A library and Sunday school were opened at the church. However, due to the dilapidation of the old wooden building, a full restoration was impossible, so it was decided to build a new church in the central square. It was constructed with the involvement of investors and benefactors in 2010 and 2012 according to the preserved drawings of the historical building, but made of brick. The great consecration of the church was conducted on May 23, 2012, by Bishop Pakhomiy of Pokrovsk and Nikolayevsky.