On June 7, 1927, at the main station in Warsaw, nineteen-year-old Russian émigré Boris Koverda shot the Soviet envoy to Poland, Pyotr Voykov. The choice of victim was not random. Voykov was part of the Ural Council's leadership in 1918 and was considered involved in the execution of the royal family in Yekaterinburg. The detained Koverda stated that he was avenging Russia and the millions of lost lives.
Moscow's response came two days later. On the night of June 10, 1927, by order of the OGPU, twenty people were executed without trial, labeled as "monarchists" and "White Guard terrorists." Most of them had long been under arrest and had no connection to the events in Warsaw. Among the executed was Prince Pavel Dolgorukov, one of the founders of the Cadet Party and a member of the State Duma. In 1926, he had secretly crossed the border to see his homeland and was captured. Just like in January 1919 with the grand dukes, the prisoners became hostages whose lives the authorities used to demonstrate power.
Koverda's fate turned out differently. The Polish court sentenced him to life imprisonment, later reducing the term, and in 1937 he was released. Koverda lived in Yugoslavia, moved to the USA after the war, and died there in 1987.
The story continues to this day. The name Voykov is still borne by a Moscow metro station and a district of the capital, and debates about renaming have persisted for many years.
This episode reflects the familiar logic of "Red Terror." The shot of one man in Warsaw resulted in the death of twenty in Moscow, and the concept of personal guilt was replaced by the principle of collective responsibility.
Comments
No comments yet. Be the first.
To leave a comment, sign in with Google.