The greatest contribution to popularizing the work of Leo Tolstoy and preserving his memory was made by his daughter, Alexandra Tolstaya. However, in the USSR, she was accused of espionage and treason. This was related to her disagreement with the Bolshevik policies and her emigration to the USA. Alexandra Lvovna was born in 1884 in Yasnaya Polyana and helped her father from the age of 16, working as a stenographer and responding to letters. Before his death, Leo Tolstoy bequeathed her the rights to his works. But Alexandra did not limit herself to Yasnaya Polyana. During World War I, she completed nursing courses and voluntarily went to the front, where she saved many lives and was once wounded. After October 1917, she openly criticized the Bolsheviks. In 1920, she was sentenced to 3 years in camps in the 'Tactical Center' case, but was soon released thanks to the petition of the peasants of Yasnaya Polyana. Upon her return, she organized a museum-reserve there and contributed to the construction of a hospital and a school. Not hiding her dislike for the Bolsheviks and suspecting surveillance, she left for Japan under the pretext of studying, where she renounced her Soviet citizenship and later emigrated to the USA. There, she founded the Tolstoy Foundation to help Russian refugees. Through her, Vladimir Nabokov obtained an American visa. In response, a campaign to 'expose the spy Tolstaya' began in the USSR. An article in the newspaper 'Pravda' on September 21, 1948, claimed that 'the name of Leo Tolstoy cannot stand alongside the names of American gangsters and enemies of democracy.' Alexandra Tolstaya was rehabilitated only in 1994, 15 years after her death.