The guardhouse in Kostroma is an architectural monument dating back to the first third of the 19th century, located in the main square of the city. It was built in 1823-1826 according to the design of provincial architect P. I. Fursov on the site of an old wooden structure. The building is small and significantly lower in height and volume than the neighboring Fire Tower.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, the guardhouse was used as a place for holding arrested military personnel. In the early years of Soviet power, the building was transferred to a museum, but soon it was occupied by other institutions, such as a library and the civil registry office.

Today, the former guardhouse houses the Military-Historical Department of the Kostroma Museum-Reserve.