In 1977, commissioned by the Chicago city government and in honor of the two-hundredth anniversary of the United States, as well as in memory of the outstanding Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley, Marc Chagall created a cycle of stained glass windows titled "Windows of America." This cycle, consisting of six panels about 2.5 meters high and nearly 10 meters long, can today be seen at the Art Institute of Chicago.
"Windows of America" presents a remarkable blend of historical images of America, its culture and everyday life with religious symbols and nostalgic memories of the artist's hometown of Vitebsk and other beloved cities. Here, the silhouettes of Chicago streets intertwine with the Statue of Liberty, deserted Vitebsk alleys with lovers soaring above them, the Eiffel Tower, and the head of a biblical donkey. These elements, like particles of a magical kaleidoscope, create mesmerizing images of America as seen by Chagall.
In his work, Chagall combined America's quest for independence with four forms of art: music, painting, theater, and dance. The first panel is dedicated to music, featuring a score, a violin, and a musician. The second panel symbolizes visual art with an easel, brushes, and details of paintings. The third and fourth panels, which are the heart of the composition, are dedicated to the independence of the USA, its uniqueness, and history. The fifth panel opens a "window" to theater, while the sixth depicts a fiery dance. In these stained glass windows, created by Chagall at the twilight of his life, echoes of earlier works, such as the murals for the Moscow Jewish Chamber Theater of 1920, are present, but they also reflect the maturity of a master enriched by life experience and maintaining a bright outlook on the world.
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