The Begichevo Estate has been known since the 15th century as the property of the Begichev family, who considered themselves descendants of Sein Begich, who migrated from the Golden Horde to Prince Dmitry Donskoy of Moscow. The descendants of Sein Begich, who was baptized as Nikita, held positions as voivodes and siege heads. In 1617, Ivan Kozmich Begichev compiled a description of Kaluga, including it in the State Scribe's Book. The estate remained in the possession of the Begichevs until the mid-19th century.

The period when the estate belonged to the Kaluga governor Nikolai Mikhailovich Smirnov was marked by special activity. His wife, Alexandra Osipovna Smirnova-Rosset, hosted literary and musical salons that attracted prominent figures of Russian culture, such as Nikolai Gogol, Vissarion Belinsky, and Mikhail Shchepkin. According to legend, Alexander Pushkin also visited the estate.

The last owner of the estate was Prince Yevgeny Nikolaevich Trubetskoy, the brother of philosopher Sergey Trubetskoy and former rector of Moscow University. He acquired the estate in 1906 and was closely connected to the Kaluga region, where his father, Nikolai Petrovich Trubetskoy, served as vice-governor since 1876.

At the estate, Prince Trubetskoy established a peasant school, where his children taught. In the center of the estate stood a meeting house built by the prince, which is now used as a club. Nearby was a poorhouse that received and fed the beggars who lived and worked there. They were paid on-site for their labor. Three generations of peasants remember the 'kind hosts of the estate.'

In September 1918, the estate was transferred to peasants from the nearby villages of Lychevo, Gruzdovka, Vasilyevskaya, and Kryukovo. Since 1919, a Lenin state farm was established based on the estate. To this day, the one-story main house, now a club, an outbuilding in the Empire style from the first half of the 19th century, and remnants of the park with ponds have been preserved.