The Unechsky Local History Museum was opened in 1987 in honor of the centenary of the founding of the Unecha station. It is located in the building of a former bank, built in 1930. On January 24, 1989, the Bryansk Regional Council of People's Deputies decided to make the Unechsky Museum a branch of the Bryansk State United Local History Museum.

In fact, the museum began its activities back in 1967 in one of the halls of the 1st May Club. This happened thanks to the initiative of a local historian and history teacher, Sergey Grigoryevich Knoroz, who collected materials about the history of the region. At that time, the museum operated on a voluntary basis, and its activities were managed by a council with a chairman at the head.

The first director of the museum was Anatoly Vitalievich Zhidenkov, a distinguished builder of Russia and local historian. Thanks to his efforts, four exhibition halls were arranged and opened, and an extension with an exhibition hall and service rooms was added to the main building.

Today, the museum occupies an area of about 300 square meters and houses more than 9,000 exhibits. It is visited by over 17,000 people annually. The main areas of the museum's work include excursion and exhibition activities, scientific research, fund management, methodological work, and educational activities.

The museum has developed a concept for fund collection, which allows it to replenish its collections with items of museum significance. Its collections include a rich ethnographic material, with over 300 units, including collections of coal irons, lanterns, antique samovars, and hand-weaving items. The numismatic collection is also significant, numbering about 250 units.

The painting collection features works by local artist Yu.I. Sakhanov and member of the Union of Artists of Russia B.Ya. Semenkov. The museum also possesses documentary materials, photographs, and items of decorative and applied arts. Among the unique items are a 19th-century fisarmonica, a duel pistol from the early 19th century, and a collection of theatrical posters from the folk theater of the Unecha station from the early 20th century.

The museum actively collaborates with archives in Chernigov, Kyiv, Bryansk, and St. Petersburg, collecting materials on the history of the region. Museum staff have prepared brochures and collections for publication on the history and culture of the Unechsky district.

The pride of the museum is its exhibition hall of 100 square meters, where more than 15 exhibitions are held annually. Significant importance is given to educational work, including lectures, excursions, interactive classes, and dramatizations.

The Unechsky Museum has become a center for museum pedagogy in the region, developing programs for studying the history of the area for different age groups. It also serves as a cultural center for the district, collaborating with local poets, musicians, and artists.

For over eight years, a club of bard song enthusiasts has been operating at the museum, with participants organizing more than 40 concerts. The museum also participates in international plein airs and actively engages in search work, collaborating with search teams for the reburial of found soldiers.

The museum closely collaborates with the Unecha branch of the Bryansk community in Moscow. In 2009, the museum director N.A. Golik received the award from the Bryansk community named after Nikolai Melnikov. The Unechsky Museum has repeatedly been recognized as the best among cultural institutions in the district and region.