The Holy Assumption Men's Monastery of Sarov Desert was founded on June 29, 1706, and revived on July 17, 2006. This place is associated with the prayerful feats and the discovery of the relics of St. Seraphim of Sarov. The monastery emerged in the second half of the 17th century in the territory of the Temnikov district of the Tambov province, in a forest wilderness where the Sarovka River flows into the Satis. Initially, the monastery was called the Satiso-city-Sarov Desert. By the early 20th century, thanks to the efforts of the monks, the monastery became one of the main spiritual centers of Russia.

Around 1683, hieromonk Savvaty and monk Philaret from the Sanaksar Monastery arrived here but soon returned. The founder of the Sarov Desert was hieromonk Isaac, who, by the blessing of the abbot, left the Vvedensky Monastery and settled in the 'old town' with monk Philaret. Soon, Isaac gained companions, and he initiated a petition for the establishment of a monastery.

In 1705, Prince Kugushev transferred a plot of land between the Satis and Sarovka rivers to Isaac. In January 1706, Metropolitan Stefan Yavorsky granted the request to build a church. On April 28, 1706, Isaac laid the wooden church in honor of the icon of the Mother of God 'Life-Giving Spring,' and on June 16, 1706, it was consecrated, which is considered the day of the foundation of the Sarov Desert. In 1731, Father Isaac passed the leadership to his disciple Dorotheus.

Since 1996, the tradition of the pilgrimage from Sarov to Diveevo has been revived. In 1997, bells were installed on the bell tower, and in 1998, the building of the Church of John the Baptist was transferred to the parish. In 1999, the Divine Liturgy was held there for the first time. In 2003, celebrations took place for the 100th anniversary of the canonization of Seraphim of Sarov. On July 30, 2003, Patriarch Alexy II consecrated the Church of St. Seraphim of Sarov. In 2006, a decision was made to open the monastery, and on July 30, Patriarch Alexy II consecrated the restored Church of John the Baptist. In 2009, Archimandrite Kirill became the abbot of the monastery, which housed seven monks and three novices. In 2010, Archbishop Georgy consecrated icons for the Church of the Holy Spirit and laid the foundation for the church in honor of Zosima and Savvati of Solovki. In 2012, Metropolitan Georgy consecrated the church of Zosima and Savvati. In 2013, the clock on the Sarov bell tower stopped. In 2016, the restoration of the Assumption Cathedral began.