The Resurrection Military Church, which became a cathedral in 1895, was built between 1769 and 1773. The architecture of the building combines transitional forms from Baroque to Classicism and elements of pre-Petrine architecture. The project was developed by the engineer of the Omsk fortress, Lars Malm, and the construction was carried out by the brothers Kozma and Ivan Cherepanov from Tobolsk, who had no special education.

The church, designed in a longitudinal-axial composition, resembles the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg, which was often copied in provincial cities, such as Yaroslavl. The main volume of the building was elongated and two-light, with a pentagonal shape. The middle parts of the side facades were decorated with pediments featuring false bulbous domes, three on each side. On the western side, a three-tiered bell tower with an octagonal ringing tier, topped with a tent and a dome, adjoined the church.

The church had a total of seven domes. The interior space was a hall with choirs in the west. The tented top of the bell tower and the bulbous domes were likely added by the Cherepanovs as echoes of ancient Russian architecture.

In the 19th century, F.M. Dostoevsky prayed in the church along with other convicts, which he mentioned in his memoirs.

On October 27, 1928, the Okrispolkom approved the decision of the City Council to transfer the cathedral to the military department for the creation of a club, despite protests from the Museum. At the end of 1929, an exhibition was organized in the building to commemorate the 10th anniversary of the city's liberation from the army of A.V. Kolchak. In the last years of its existence, the building was used as a warehouse for a cartographic factory.

The church was demolished in the late 1950s during the construction of a building on Spartakovskaya Street. Part of the property, including the library, was transferred to the regional museum, but the fate of the iconostasis and icons was tragic.