In 1872, construction began on the cathedral in honor of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity. Funding was provided by Biysk merchant of the first guild Alexei Fyodorovich Morozov and parishioners. Morozov purchased an iconostasis in the Byzantine style for the cathedral. The interior work and wall paintings were carried out by the Patrushev artel. The consecration of the Trinity Cathedral took place on December 4, 1877.

A two-class church parish school operated at the cathedral, built in 1892 by merchant Elena Grigoryevna Morozova. In 1894, a brick chapel in honor of Saint Alexander Nevsky was consecrated in Trinity Square, built with funds from the City Public Administration. The chapel was erected in memory of the miraculous salvation of the imperial family in the railway disaster of 1888. During World War I, Biysk residents were sent off to the front from Trinity Square near the cathedral. Inside the church fence, at the altar of the cathedral, there was a necropolis where the builders of the cathedral and the main benefactors, Biysk merchants of the first guild and honorary citizens of the city, were buried.

In the 1920s, the chapel in the square was demolished, and the Trinity Cathedral was handed over to the Renovationists, a movement within the Orthodox Russian Church. In 1930, the church was closed, and in 1934 it was finally dismantled. At that time, the necropolis was also destroyed. The bricks from the cathedral were used to build a two-story building for a children's orphanage.

In 2008, archaeological excavations were conducted at the site of the former cathedral, during which the foundation of the altar part of the church and the crypts of the Morozov merchants and other notable Biysk residents were found. In 2010, a historical and memorial Orthodox complex was created at the former Trinity Cathedral Square. A cross was erected at the site of the altar, and the graves were covered with gravestones made of black marble. Portrait bas-reliefs created by Biysk artist S. A. Morozov were placed on the gravestones of the Morozovs.