The famous Pokrovsky Barracks were for a long time the largest building on Pokrovsky Boulevard. Their construction began on July 7, 1798, by order of Emperor Paul I, who suggested that the city's residents free themselves from the obligation of quartering soldiers by voluntarily financing the construction. This required a huge sum of two and a half million rubles, but only about half a million was raised. A plaque reading "Free from quartering" was placed on the houses of donors, one of which has survived on the gates of the former estate of General Field Marshal P. A. Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky on Maroseyka.

The construction was overseen by a special commission of 12 nobles and six merchants led by Prince Alexander Andreyevich Bezborodko. A cornerstone plaque has been preserved in the corridor of the building's first floor.

By 1801, the construction was completed. This was the first building in Moscow specifically built for barracks. Initially, it was two stories high and intended for the Musketeer Battalion of the Navashinsky Regiment. From 1904, it housed the battalions of the Ekaterinoslav and Samogitian regiments. During World War I, it was replaced by the 56th Infantry Reserve Regiment, which participated in the events of 1917.

After the fire of 1812, the building was reconstructed in the 1830s by architect D. Zhilyardi with the participation of F. K. Sokolov. It became more than twice as wide, a third floor was added, and the facade was adorned with an eight-column portico with a pediment and a double-headed eagle.

The internal layout of the building is symmetrical: corridors with identical rooms stretch along the entire house. In the center is a grand staircase and a vestibule with columns.

In front of the building was a large parade ground for drills. The boulevard began only from Kazarmenny Lane, and the horse-drawn tram and later the tram ran along the internal roadway. In 1891, the parade ground was reduced by planting trees along the tram line, and in 1954 it became part of Pokrovsky Boulevard.

In 1890, a church dedicated to the Prophet Hosea was consecrated in the right wing of the barracks in memory of the salvation of Emperor Alexander III and his family. The church served as a regimental church for the Samogitian regiment and was located on the third floor. It was closed in 1919, and its property was transferred to the Church of the Assumption on Pokrovka. In the 1930s, the interior of the church was destroyed, and a fourth floor was added to the building, replacing the double-headed eagle with the emblem of the USSR.

During the Soviet era, the barracks continued to serve their function and from 1933 to 1960 were named after F. E. Dzerzhinsky. In May 1960, the building was transferred to the State Supply of the USSR.

Currently, it houses one of the offices of OAO Lukoil. This has negatively affected the appearance of the building: plastic windows and modern extensions do not harmonize with the historical appearance of this federal heritage monument.