In the 1870s, banker Lazar Solomonovich Polyakov acquired three estates between Tverskoy Boulevard and Bolshaya Bronnaya. In Moscow, he was nicknamed the 'Moscow Rothschild.' Polyakov came from a Jewish family in the city of Orsha and began his career in the financial world with railway construction. Arriving in Moscow as a wealthy man, he built his financial empire here, which included four commercial banks, two land banks, an insurance company, the Moscow Rubber Manufacturing Partnership, the Moscow Timber Industry Society, as well as a Partnership for Trade and Industry in Persia and Central Asia. Additionally, he owned significant real estate around Tverskoy Boulevard and on the adjacent streets. However, from the 1900s, his business was in a constant crisis.

On the property at 10 Bolshaya Bronnaya, where the old estate of the Volkonsky-Ostashkov family was located, Polyakov built apartment houses. In 1913, on a small plot of this estate facing Bronnaya, architect B.M. Velikovskiy created a small mansion for Lazar Solomonovich's grandson. The house was small, with a turret, and the facades were adorned with various protrusions and bay windows, giving a dynamic composition characteristic of Art Nouveau. However, the facade decor leans more towards neoclassicism. The central place in the house is occupied by a large ceremonial hall.

Lazar Solomonovich's grandson never got to live in this house. After Polyakov's death, complicated affairs remained, and from 1914, his children and grandchildren preferred to live abroad. After the revolution, the mansion was nationalized and was used for a long time as a kindergarten.