Discussions about the need to create a water supply in Tsaritsyn began in the late 1860s. Initially, it was planned that P.I. Gubonin, who had already built the station building and laid the railway from Tsaritsyn to Gryazi, would undertake the construction. However, the project was not realized at that time. Since 1884, a special fund was established in the city, where mainly merchants made donations for the construction of the water supply.

By the time the work was completed, a machine hall had been built, which housed a steam boiler, a steam engine, two piston pumps, and four tank reservoirs. The city installed 11 water distribution booths and prepared 75 fire hydrants. The length of the water supply structures was over 14 versts, and the capacity reached 150 thousand buckets (1,844 thousand tons) per day. The cost of water for baths, factories, and plants with steam engines was 15 kopecks per 100 buckets, while for domestic use, it was 20 kopecks.

The building of the Tsaritsyn water station has survived to this day. The location was chosen solely for economic reasons, without considering sanitary and environmental factors. The most effective solution was considered to be the water intake, which minimized the length of the pipes. Therefore, the water station was built among the steamboat docks with the pipe depth being only 4 meters. Data from chemical and bacteriological studies conducted in Tsaritsyn in August 1910 have been preserved: water was taken for analysis from different places, but neither cholera nor typhoid bacilli were found in it. Nevertheless, the drinking water was deemed unsatisfactory.

In the 20th century, the water supply was destroyed twice. The first time was in January 1920 during the Civil War when the White Army retreated from the city; restoration was completed in the fall of 1922. The second time the water supply was damaged during the Battle of Stalingrad. After restoration in the 1940s-50s, the building was significantly rebuilt: a colonnade was added, the shape of the roof was changed, and other elements were modified.