On October 25, 1863, a special women's school was ceremoniously opened. Before this, the daughters of officers were educated in cities such as Kharkiv, Odesa, Kerch, and Novocherkassk.

The Kuban Mariinsky School had a boarding house. Girls were taught not only general subjects but also handicrafts, cooking, and household management. At that time, the school was located in rented houses owned by Alexander Pospolitaki. With the increase in the number of students, the need arose to build a large building of its own.

The foundation of the new building was laid on April 26, 1868. The construction, which stretched almost a block along Pospolitakinskaya Street (later named Mariinsky Boulevard), was completed on time, by September 1, 1870, just in time for the start of the school year. Simultaneously with the construction of the building, a park was laid out in front of its facade, and a sidewalk was paved. Various utility buildings were located in the courtyard.

In the new building of the Mariinsky School, there was a boarding house for 125 students. For about 40 years, it served its purpose. On December 14, 1902, the school was transformed into an institute with a 7-year course of study, and in 1910, an additional 8th pedagogical class was opened.

The leadership of the Kuban Cossack Army decided to build a more beautiful and spacious building for the updated educational institution. The project for the new three-story building was developed by regional architect A.P. Kosiakin. Its construction took place from 1906 to 1909. Currently, this building houses a military educational institution. The first building of the Mariinsky Women's School, designed by architect E.D. Chernik, became the Kuban Men's Teacher's Seminary, and during the Soviet era, it was turned into Children's Home No. 1.

The Mariinsky Women's Institute, built under Kosiakin's guidance, is considered one of the most beautiful buildings in the Kuban capital. The newspaper wrote that in terms of beauty and richness of architecture, the institute's building is one of the best and leaves a pleasant impression, delighting the viewer's eye.

In the 1920s, it housed a party school. In the following decades and up to the present, it has been training qualified specialists in cryptography for the Armed Forces of Russia.