The Literary and Memorial Museum of Jaroslav Hašek in Bugulma is a house-museum where in 1918 the Czech writer Jaroslav Hašek, known for his novel "The Good Soldier Švejk," lived and worked as an assistant to the city commandant. A monument to the writer is installed in the museum's courtyard, and in 2011 a bronze sculpture of "The Good Soldier Švejk" appeared on the platform of the Bugulma railway station.

This is one of two Hašek museums in the world, the other being in the Czech Republic. The museum building is the only historical monument of federal significance in Bugulma.

The house where the museum is located was built in the late 19th century by merchant Nizheradze as a residential building; in 1918, it housed a military commandant's office.

Jaroslav Hašek, a Czech satirical writer, served as a commissioner of the Red Army in 1918.

In October 1918, Hašek was sent by the political department of the Revolutionary Military Council of the 5th Army of the Eastern Front to Bugulma and appointed as the assistant to the military commandant of the city, Ivan Dmitrievich Shirokov, a political commissar of the red peasant volunteer detachment.

Hašek arrived in the city on October 15, 1918. His superior was constantly at the front, so Hašek remained in the city. After 2.5 months, just before the New Year, he left for Ufa, where from January 1919 he became the head of the printing house of the newspaper "Our Path" of the front's political department.

His time in Bugulma is reflected in the writer's "Bugulma Stories."

The building was used for various organizations, and on January 15, 1966, the museum opened there.

The museum's exhibition includes three halls and a memorial room. It features documents, photographs, collections of stories, and complete works of the writer in different languages, as well as souvenirs related to the writer and his literary hero, the good soldier Švejk. Part of the exhibition is dedicated to the history of the creation of the "Bugulma Stories."