The Kastornensky Local History Museum was established by the decision of the district executive committee, with E.I. Kuznetsova as the initiator of its founding. Initially, the museum was located in the building of the district House of Culture, but later it changed its location twice. In 1992, it was awarded the title of "People's Museum," and since 2002 it has been a branch of the Kursk Regional Local History Museum. The museum's collections hold about 11,000 exhibits, and its exhibition area is 113 square meters. The museum's exhibition covers the history of the Kastornensky region from the mid-19th century to the present day.

Particular attention is given to two significant battles that took place in this territory during the Civil War and the Great Patriotic War: the offensive operation of S.M. Budyonny's Cavalry Corps in November 1919, which ultimately undermined the Denikin front, and the Voronezh-Kastornensky operation from July 1942 to January 1943, which began the liberation of the Kursk region from the German fascist invaders. The names of notable individuals are associated with the Kastornensky land, such as poet V.M. Kubanov, V.G. Gordeychev, scientists V.I. Sorokin and A.I. Artemenko, twice Hero of the Soviet Union pilot G.M. Mylnikov, and Hero of Russia V.S. Oskin. Each year, the museum is visited by more than 3,000 people.