The Holy Peter and Paul Cathedral is one of the oldest churches in the Luhansk diocese, having survived thanks to God's mercy during periods of mass destruction. This cathedral can be classified as a monument of church architecture from the late 18th century.

According to documents, a wooden church in honor of the holy apostles Peter and Paul was built on the site of the current cathedral in 1761 by the blessing of His Grace Joasaph Mitkevich, the Bishop of Belgorod and Oboyansk.

In 1782, there were about 200 parish households and up to 600 permanent residents near this church in the village of Kamenny Brod, and the church clergy was single-paid.

Thirty years after its construction, the roof, vaults, and foundation of the church had significantly deteriorated. Initially, it was planned to replace the upper part and repair the foundation while preserving the walls, but it was later decided to rebuild the church on the same site. In 1793, this was blessed by His Grace Iov Potemkin, the Bishop of Feodosia and Mariupol. After the work was completed, Metropolitan Gavriil Bodoni-Bonulesco of Yekaterinoslav ordered the rebuilt church to be inspected, and on November 26, 1795, he blessed its consecration and issued a consecrated antimins.

After the reconstruction, the Peter and Paul Church became a three-nave, single-domed structure, with a side entrance on the northern side and a porch.

In 1905, the church was rebuilt in stone with a bell tower that housed 7 bells weighing a total of about 200 poods. The church had three altars: of the apostles Peter and Paul, the Protection of the Mother of God, and the Meeting of the Lord. By the 1930s, the church had 89 icons, of which 50 made up a three-tiered iconostasis.

Many of these icons were painted by the local master Ivan Yakovlevich Novakovich, the chairman of the parish council of the Peter and Paul Church. His name was on many icons that adorned the churches of the Luhansk diocese in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1929, the church was closed by the authorities, and for several years the building was unused, and in 1935 it was converted into a club. The bell tower was used for geodetic purposes, so it was preserved, but instead of a dome with a cross, a spire was installed on it.

Only in 1942 was the Peter and Paul Church returned to the parishioners. In October 1944, a parish community was registered at the church, to which the building and church property were transferred on a contractual basis. Soon parish life was restored, and by 1948 there were already 109 icons in the church.

Since March 6, 1950, the Peter and Paul Church became a cathedral.

In the 1980s, significant work was carried out to improve the cathedral's territory and enhance its external appearance and internal decoration. During this time, a church building was constructed, which housed a baptistery, a room for Sunday school, a prosphora room, and utility rooms. In the 1990s, a bell tower was built.