One of the oldest Orthodox churches in Prague is the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, built in the famous Olšany Cemetery in the 1920s by Russian white émigrés. The laying of the church took place on September 11, 1924, under the guidance of Bishop Sergey (Korolev). The project, in a non-Russian style, was developed free of charge by Professor Brandt with the assistance of architecture students Pashkovsky and Baron Klot, who were prominent representatives of the Russian emigration. The organization and implementation of the construction was taken on by the "Assumption Brotherhood."

Funds for the construction of the church were raised from all over the world. Initially, it was planned to build a small chapel, but the collected funds were sufficient for a full-fledged church. Significant assistance was provided by the first Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia, Karel Kramář, and his Russian wife, Nadezhda Nikolaevna Khlyudova, who not only made personal donations but also organized fundraising. The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes also contributed: the royal inspector of military graves, priest Crvchanin, sought financial support from his government and received it.

The administrative and technical aspects of the construction were taken on free of charge by engineers Mirkovich, Velichkin, and Nakhodkin. Both students and representatives of various social groups participated in the construction. Five bells were donated by King Alexander I Karađorđević, the Kramář family, Russian émigrés in Czechoslovakia, Metropolitan Evlogy (Georgievsky), and Bishop Sergey. The sketches and paintings of the church were created by the outstanding Russian artist Bilibin. The church was consecrated on November 22, 1925.

In the basement of the church, a crypt has been arranged, where many notable figures are buried, including the first Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia Karel Kramář and his wife, academician Kondakov, General T. A. Semerninov, Generals S. A. Voronin, Shilling, Professors S. S. Gruzdev, F. A. Shcherbina, and others. Engineer Ipatiev, in whose house in Yekaterinburg the family of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II was shot, is also buried here.

Today, services are held daily in the church, and on days of remembrance, descendants of Russian émigrés gather here for memorial services.