The church was previously located on the site of the Surgut ostrog, founded by Cossacks in 1594. It can be confidently stated that the first church on this site was built in the late 16th century. In the last quarter of the 17th century, the dilapidated city fortifications were replaced by a double ostrog with four towers, into the wall of which the Trinity Church was integrated.

As the Russian state expanded eastward and southward into Siberia, Surgut lost its military-political significance. The ostrog gradually fell into decline and was finally dismantled in the second half of the 18th century. Between 1781 and 1801, a brick church with chapels dedicated to the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker was built on the site of the wooden Trinity ostrog church. The church was closed in 1930, its building was used as a warehouse, and later it was dismantled for bricks.

Currently, a memorial to military glory stands on the site of the church. In 1995, a brick Trinity chapel was built here.