In the 18th century, there were three wooden churches in Golovchino: the Resurrection of Christ, John the Baptist, and Nicholas the Wonderworker. At the end of the same century, the landowner Khorvat erected two stone churches. According to the "Reference Book on Churches, Parishes, and Clergy of the Kursk Diocese," published in 1909, at the beginning of the 20th century, the settlement of Golovchino had the Nicholas Church (stone, built in 1797), the Transfiguration Church (stone, built in 1796, which has survived to this day), and the Sorrowful Church, located in the house of Count Tolstoy.

The Transfiguration Church in Golovchino is one of the oldest buildings in the area. It was built with the funds of parishioners, likely by local craftsmen. The church has one dome and includes a bell tower, refectory, the main temple, and an apse (altar). M.P. Tsapenko described it as follows: "The feature of the building's composition is the octagonal dome drum, decorated with semi-columns with simplified bases and capitals. The overall silhouette of the building is clear and expressive."

The church's bell tower is interesting for its rough and clumsy forms, as well as signs of alterations. Locals recount that during the Swedish invasion in the early 18th century, Peter I ordered the church to be adapted for defense. Although the dates of the church's construction and the events of the Swedish-Russian war do not coincide, it is remarkable that the bell tower has round openings on four sides, resembling loopholes. What were they made for?

During the war of 1941-1945, the Germans took away the carved iconostasis, and the church was used as a café. In 1942-1943, Russian prisoners were held here, but after 1944, services resumed in the church.

The wall paintings in the church were recently updated with oil paints, but no traces of the original frescoes have survived. The new paintings are done in the style of the Russian academic school. All the interior furnishings, including the iconostasis, lamps, utensils, furniture, and stoves, were created recently and do not represent artistic interest.